Orchids of New Guinea

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Goodyera viridiflora

Goodyera viridiflora (Blume) Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 34, pl. 9c, fig. 2

Synonyms:

Neottia viridiflora Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 408
- Type: Blume s.n. (Java, Mt. Salak) (holo L NOT FOUND; iso P)
Physurus viridiflorus (Blume) Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1 (1857) 180
Georchis viridiflora (Blume) F.Muell., Fragm. 8 (1873) 29
Orchiodes viridiflorum (Blume) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 675
Epipactis viridiflora (Blume) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 61
Eucosia carnea Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 415; Tab. & Pl. Jav. Orchid. (1825) t. 18
- Type: Blume s.n. (Mt. Salak) (holo L)
Goodyera carnea (Blume) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39 (1906) 56 (non A. Rich.)
Georchis cordata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. (1840) 496
- Type: Macrae s.n. (Ceylon)
Goodyera cordata (Lindl.) Nicholson, Dict. Gard. 2 (1885) 81
Goodyera cordata (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1890) 114; Hooker's Icon. Pl. 22 (1894) t. 2187 (isonym)
Epipactis cordata (Lindl.) Eaton, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21 (1908) 64
Goodyera brachiorhynchos Schltr. in K.Schum. & Lauterb., Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Südsee (1905) 93
- Type: Schlechter 14476 (holo B, lost)
Goodyera glauca J.J.Sm., Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13 (1907) 17
- Type: Connell s.n. (Loemadjang) (holo BO)
Epipactis glauca (J.J.Sm.) Eaton, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21 (1908) 64
Goodyera arfakensis J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11 (1913) 554
- Type: Gjellerup 1041 (holo BO; iso L 2x)
Goodyera longirostrata Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 4 (1914) 115, fig. 61 i-j
- Type: Sasaki s.n. (Taiwan, Akocho, Buisan 7000 ft.)
Peramium longirostratum Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 6 (1929) 35
Goodyera ogatai Yamam., Suppl. Icon. Pl. Formos. 3 (1927) 9
- Type: Ogata s.n.
Peramium ogatai Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 6 (1929) 36
Goodyera rosans J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 9 (1927) 35, tab. 3, 4
- Type: J.J. Smith cult. (Bakhuizen v.d. Brink ) s.n. (Tjipoeti near Tjiampea) (holo L)
Goodyera finetiana Kraenzl., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 4 (1928) 138
- Type: Rat, le 899 (syn P); Pancher 643 (syn P 2x)
Goodyera subuniflora Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6 (1937) 47
- Type: Taira s.n. (Ryukyu Arch., Okinawa Isl., Ugan) (holo KYO)

Basionym: Neottia viridiflora

Stems creeping and rooting in the basal part, erect part leafy. Leaves petiolate; petiole 3 cm long, dilated and sheathing to the base; blade erect-patent, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, more or less oblique, 5-9 by 2-3 cm, apex acuminate. Inflorescence racemose, 15-20 cm long, glandular-pubescent, rather laxely 10-20-flowered. Floral bracts lanceolate, the lower ones longer than the ovary, the upper ones as long as the ovary, apex acuminate, glandular-pubescent. Pedicel and ovary 1 cm long, subcylindric, glandular-pubescent. Flowers resupinated, c. 1.5 cm across, turned to all sides. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, 0.9 cm long, concave, apex narrowly obtuse. Lateral sepals obliquely lanceolate, 0.9 cm long, apex acuminate; outside near the base glandular-pubescent. Petals obliquely oblanceolate-spatulate, subfalcate, 0.8 cm by 3 mm, cohering near their apices along the inner margins, apex narrowly obtuse. Lip lanceolate, subacute, 0.8 cm long, in basal half concave-cucullate, inside papillose-pilose. Column erect, semiterete, rostellum erect, with elongated horn-like arms. Anther lanceolate, rostrate-acuminate. (After Schlechter, 1905, as Goodyera brachiorhynchos Schltr.).

Colours:

Flower flesh coloured or usually green.

Habitat:

Terrestrial among leaf-litter in hill and montane forest. Altitude 0(?)-2300 m.

Distribution:

India (Assam), Nepal, Bhutan, China (Kwangtung), Taiwan, Ryukyu Archipelago, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes, ?Lesser Sunda Islands, ?Moluccas, New Guinea, Philippines, Australia, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia.

Distribution New Guinea:

Papua (Indonesia); Papua New Guinea. See map

Cultivation:

Intermediate growing terrestrial, keep in shade.

Flowering time in the wild:

January, March, April, May, June, July, September, October.

Classification:

Family Orchidaceae
Subfamily Orchidoideae
Tribe Cranichideae
Subtribe Goodyerinae
Genus Goodyera
Species Goodyera viridiflora

Literature:

Smith, J.J., Orchid. Java (1905) 119
Smith, J.J., Orchid. Java (1905) 130, as Eucosia carnea Blume
Smith, J.J., Bull. Dp. Agric. Indes Nerl. 13 (1907) 16
Smith, J.J., Orchid. Java, Fig.-Atl. (1909) fig. 86
Smith, J.J., Orchid. Java, Fig.-Atl. (1909) fig. 96, as Eucosia carnea Blume
Schlechter, R., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1911) 51, as Goodyera brachiorhynchos Schltr.
Smith, J.J., Nova Guinea 12, 3 (1915) 194, t. 64, fig. 106, as Goodyera arfakensis J.J.Sm.
Smith, J.J., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sr. 3, 3 (1921) 257
Smith, J.J., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sr. 3, 5 (1922) t. 29, fig. I, as Goodyera glauca J.J.Sm.
Schlechter, R., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 21 (1923) t. 21, fig. 69, as Goodyera brachiorhynchos Schltr.
Dockrill, A. W., Austral. Indig. Orchids 1 (1969) 98, fig.
Lewis, B.A. & P.J. Cribb, Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (1991) 36, pl. 3E