Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Genus Dendrobium sect. Crinifera Pfitzer in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. II, 6 (1889) 175. Type species: Dendrobium criniferum Lindl.
Synonyms:
- Genus Abaxianthus M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 485. Type species: Abaxianthus convexus (Blume) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones (basionym: Desmotrichum convexum Blume).
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Desmotrichum Blume, Tab. Pl. Jav. Orchid., in Clavis generum (1825), nom. rej. Type species: Dendrobium angulatum (Blume) LindJ., nom. illeg., non Lindl. (basionym: Desmotrichum angulatum Blume).
- Genus Desmotrichum (Blume) Blume, Bijdr. 329 (1825), nom. rej., not Genus Desmotrichum Kütz. Type species: Desmotrichum angulatum Blume.
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Desmotrichum Blume, Tab. Pl. Jav. Orchid., in Clavis generum (1825), nom. rej. Type species: Dendrobium angulatum (Blume) LindJ., nom. illeg., non Lindl. (basionym: Desmotrichum angulatum Blume).
- Genus Ephemerantha P.F.Hunt & Summerh., Taxon 10 (1961) 102. Type species: Ephemerantha angulata (Blume) PF.Hunt & Summerh. (basionym: Desmotrichum angulatum Blume).
- Genus Flickingeria A.D.Hawkes, Orquidea, 27 (1961) 301. Type species: Flickingeria angulata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes (basionym: Desmotrichum angulatum Blume).
- Genus Flickingeria sect. Bilobulatae Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 34, 1 (1980.) 17.Type species: Flickingeria angustifolia (Blume) A.D.Hawkes (basionym: Desmotrichum angustifolium Blume).
- Genus Flickingeria sect. Plicatiles Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Ark. 34, 1 (1980) 16. Type species: Flickingeria fimbriata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes (basionym: Desmotrichum fimbriatum Blume).
Sympodial epiphytes. Rhizomes long, often erect, branching and rooting mainly on the basal part, or sometimes creeping and rooting along its length, or sometimes rhizome thin and pendulous. Pseudobulbs conspicuous, distant, shiny, consisting of one or few internodes (and then only the uppermost internode swollen), usually laterally flattened, sometimes highly reduced and slightly swollen 1-leaved at the apex. Leaves deciduous, duplicate, leathery. glabrous; without leaf sheath. Inflorescence terminal or subterminal, or laterally just below apex, both in the leaf axil or on the the abaxial side of the leaf, short, 1-flowered. Flowers , resupinate or not, medium-sized, lasting 1 day or less. Sepals free; mentum well-developed but not spur-like. Petals free, usually narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip without spur, flexibly attached to the apex of the column foot or sometimes immobile adnate to the column foot, usually distinctly 3-lobed, usually with lamellate and often wavy keels. . Column-foot present. Pollinia 4, solid, caudicles absent, stipe absent, viscidium absent.
Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, Solomon islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa. About 75 species; in New Guinea 9 species.
Epiphyte in lowland and montane forest, but not at very high elevations.
- Family Orchidaceae
- Subfamily Epidendroideae
- Tribe Dendrobieae
- Subtribe Dendrobiinae
- Genus Dendrobium
- Section Crinifera
- Brieger, F.G. 1981. Dendrobiinae. In Schlechter, Die Orchideen, ed. 3, I/A: 636-752.
- Lavarack, B., W. Harris & G. Stocker. 2000. Dendrobium and its relatives. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
- Morris, M.W., W.L. Stern, and W.S. Judd. 1996. Vegetative anatomy and systematics of subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 120: 89-144.
- O'Byrne, P. 1994. Lowland orchids of Papua New Guinea. SNP Publishers, Singapore.
- Schlechter, R. 1905. Microspermae. In Schumann, K. and K. Lauterbach, Nachträge zur Flora der Deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee. pp. 69-234, pl. III-XII.
- Schlechter, R. 1911-1914. Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea. Rep. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 1-1079.
- Schlechter, R. 1923 & 1928. Figurenatlas zu den Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea. Rep. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 21 (1 & 2).
- Schlechter, R. 1982. The Orchidaceae of German New Guinea, incorporating the figure atlas to the above. The Australian Orchid Foundation, Melbourne.
- (English translation of Schlechter 1911-1914)
- Seidenfaden, G. 1980. Orchid genera in Thailand. IX. Flickingeria Hawkes & Epigeneium Gagnep. Dansk Bot. Ark. 34, 1: 1-104.
- Smith, J.J. 1929. Orchidaceae. Nova Guinea 14(3): 337-516.
- van Bodegom, J. 1973. Enige orchideeën van West Nieuw Guinea. Technische Hogeschool Twente.
- Yukawa, T. and K. Uehara. 1996. Vegetative diversification and radiation in subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae): evidence from chloroplast DNA phylogeny and anatomical characters. Pl. Syst. Evol. 201: 1-14.
- Yukawa, T., S. Kurita, M. Nishida, and M. Hasebe. 1993. Phylogenetic implications of chloroplast DNA restriction site variation in subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 8: 211-221.
- Yukawa, T., H. Ohba, K. M. Cameron, and M.W. Chase. 1996. Chloroplast DNA phylogeny of subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae): Insights from a combined analysis based on rbcL sequences and restriction site variation. J. Plant Res. 109: 169-176.
All species of Dendrobium section Crinifera have 1-leaved pseudobulbs and flowers that last only a single day (or less). Most have a bushy habit because of the stiff, branching rhizomes that root at the base and grow upwards, but two of the New Guinea species (Dendrobium convexum (Blume) Lindl. and Dendrobium lonchigerum Schltr.) possess a creeping rhizome rooting along its entire length. Members of this section are not often cultivated, even though the majority are common and quite easy to grow.
Seidenfaden (1980) proposed to divide Flickingeria (now Dendrobium sect. Crinifera) into three sections, but as at least three of the New Guinea species (Dendrobium homoglossum, D. cleistanthum and D. lonchigerum) do not seem to fit into any of the three, and as the number of species in New Guinea is relatively small, we have not taken up this sectional classification here.
Dendrobium section Crinifera Pfitzer contains c. 75 species, in New Guinea 9 species:
Dendrobium cleistanthum
Dendrobium comatum
Dendrobium convexum
Dendrobium flabelliforme
Dendrobium homoglossum
Dendrobium kruizingae
Dendrobium lonchigerum
Dendrobium pemae
Dendrobium rhipidolobum
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Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Dendrobium comatum (Blume) Lindl. Photo by Ed de Vogel, based on Leiden cult. 20031858 (de Vogel & Vogel)
Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Dendrobium comatum (Blume) Lindl. Photo by Ed de Vogel, based on Leiden cult. 20031858 (de Vogel & Vogel)
Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Dendrobium comatum (Blume) Lindl., flowers, photo P. O'Byrne, based on O'Byrne F020
Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Dendrobium convexum (Blume) Lindl., flower, frontal view, photo P. Jongejan, based on Jongejan 2363
Genus Dendrobium section Crinifera
Dendrobium lonchigerum Schltr., habit, photo A. Schuiteman, based on Yumte 109