Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Genus Dendrobium sect. Crumenata Pfitzer in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. II, 6 (1889) 174. Type species: Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.
Synonyms:
- Genus Aporopsis (Schltr.) M.A.Clem. & D.L. Jones, Orchadian 13 (2002) 485. Type species: Dendrobium macfarlanei F.Muell.
- Genus Ceraia Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2 (1790) 518.Type species: Ceraia simplicissima Lour.
- Genus Ceraia Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2 (1790) 518
- Genus Dendrobium sect . Ampullaria Pfitzer in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. II, 6 (1889) 174. Type species: Dendrobium planibulbe Lindll.
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Clavatae Ridl., J Linn. Soc. Bot. 32 (1896). 232 (1896). Type species: Dendrobium clavator Ridl.
- Genus Dendrobium subgen. Crumenata (Pfitzer) Kränzl. in Engl., Pflanzenr. IV. 50. II. B. 21 224(1910). Type species: Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Rhopalanthe Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 449. Type species: Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Rhopalanthe subsect. Aporopsis Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 565 (1912 ). Type species: Dendrobium macfarlanei F.Muell.
- Section Virgatae Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1890) 711 (section of Dendrobium)
- Genus Dendrobium subgen. Rhopalobium Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1912) 441. Type species: Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.
- Genus Dendrobium sect. Virgatae Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1890) 711. Type species:
Rhizome short. Stems (much) elongated and slender, usually not branched, normally with several of the lower internodes conspicuously swollen and leafless, while the part above the swelling is very slender and many-leaved, often with the upper part with scale-like leaves only. Leaves sheathing at the base, glabrous, thick coriaceous, dorsiventrally flattened ('normal') or bilaterally flattened with sharp edges. Inflorescences arising laterally from the slender part of stem, but, if this is present, only from the scale-leaved upper part, very short, 1-flowered, often in small fascicles. Flowers rather small to rather large, lasting at most a few days, usually only one day, thin-textured. Mentum well-developed, not tubular in apical part. Lip not mobile.
India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, China (Yunnan), Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Samoa. About 60 species; in New Guinea c. 8 species.
Epiphytes in lowland forest, usually growing in exposed positions.
- Lavarack, B., W. Harris & G. Stocker. 2000. Dendrobium and its relatives. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
Typical members of sect. Crumenata are easily recognised by the stems, which consist of two parts: a basal part of a few swollen, leafless internodes, and a much longer upper part which is very slender and leafy. Often, this slender part is again subdivided into two portions: a basal, leafy portion and a terminal portion covered in scale-leaves only; the flowers then emerge laterally from that bare terminal portion, which resembles an inflorescence. The leaves can be either dorsiventrally flattened, as in most orchids, or they can be laterally flattened or terete. The flowers are almost always short-lived, usually lasting less than a day. Unfortunately, as if to make life difficult for taxonomists, some New Guinea species agree in every respect with certain members of sect. Crumenata, but they lack the crucial detail of a swollen basal part to the stem. One of these is Dendrobium pseudocalceolum, which its author J.J. Smith assigned to sect. Aporum, while O'Byrne (calling it Dendrobium macfarlanei) tentatively placed it in sect. Strongyle. There can be little doubt that it is closely related to D. macfarlanei, which by its basal swelling is a bona fide member of sect. Crumenata. Perhaps this could be taken as evidence that these three sections should be merged. But to justify such a step more study should be devoted to this alliance within Dendrobium (and then sect. Bolbidium should also be considered). Some species of sect. Crumenata have very pretty flowers, especially those in the group with dorsiventrally flattened leaves, but on the whole this section has had very little impact in horticulture.
In New Guinea Dendrobium section Crumenata contains the following 9 species:
Dendrobium cultrifolium
Dendrobium goldfinchii
Dendrobium humboldtense
Dendrobium hymenocentrum
Dendrobium litorale
Dendrobium macfarlanei
Dendrobium papilioniferum
Dendrobium pseudocalceolum
Dendrobium tampangii
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Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium litorale Schltr., flower, photo D. Titmuss, based on E. Zielkajis cult.
Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium litorale Schltr., in situ, photo T. Roelfsema
Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium papilioniferum J.J.Sm., flower, photo J. van Bodegom
Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium pseudocalceolum J.J.Sm., flowers, photo A. Schuiteman, based on Yumte 9
Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium tampangii O'Byrne (peloric form), habit, photo P. O'Byrne, based on O'Byrne D543
Genus Dendrobium section Aporum subsection Crumenata
Dendrobium tampangii O'Byrne (peloric form), flower, photo P. O'Byrne, based on O'Byrne D543